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1.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 23(1): 73-76, abr.-jun.2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782181

ABSTRACT

Pseudoaneurismas do ventrículo esquerdo são geralmente associados a infarto agudo do miocárdio, entretanto, podem surgir no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgias valvares, assim como os pseudoaneurismas aórticos. Acometem frequentemente pacientes com alto risco cirúrgico, e o tratamento percutâneo éhabitualmente realizado em centros de referência para o tratamento de cardiopatias congênitas devido às características anatômicas dos defeitos. Apresentamos dois casos de pseudoaneurismas do ventrículoesquerdo tratados por via transapical, sem necessidade de circulação extracorpórea, e um caso depseudoaneurisma aórtico tratado por via femoral, no qual foi utilizado laço por acesso contralateral para permitir suporte e direcionamento adequados da bainha longa para acessar o defeito...


Left ventricular pseudoaneurysms are usually associated with acute myocardial infarction; however, these conditions may emerge in the late postoperative period of valvar surgery, and this can also occur with aortic pseudoaneurysms. These pseudoaneurysms often affect patients with high surgical risk,and percutaneous treatment is usually performed in reference centers for treatment of congenital heartdiseases, due to anatomical characteristics of these defects. We present two cases of left ventricularpseudoaneurysms treated by transapical approach without need for cardiopulmonary bypass, and one caseof aortic pseudoaneurysm treated by femoral approach, in which a snare was introduced by contralateral access, to allow for adequate support and guidance of the long sheath for accessing the defect...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aorta/surgery , Cardiac Catheterization , Aneurysm, False/complications , Aneurysm, False/therapy , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Femoral Artery , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/complications , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnosis , Septal Occluder Device , Myocardial Infarction/complications , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 103(2): 131-137, 08/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720809

ABSTRACT

Background: The use of three-dimensional rotational angiography (3D-RA) to assess patients with congenital heart diseases appears to be a promising technique despite the scarce literature available. Objectives: The objective of this study was to describe our initial experience with 3D-RA and to compare its radiation dose to that of standard two-dimensional angiography (2D-SA). Methods: Between September 2011 and April 2012, 18 patients underwent simultaneous 3D-RA and 2D-SA during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Radiation dose was assessed using the dose-area-product (DAP). Results: The median patient age and weight were 12.5 years and 47.5 Kg, respectively. The median DAP of each 3D-RA acquisition was 1093µGy.m2 and 190µGy.m2 for each 2D-SA acquisition (p<0.01). In patients weighing more than 45Kg (n=7), this difference was attenuated but still significant (1525 µGy.m2 vs.413µGy.m2, p=0.01). No difference was found between one 3D-RA and three 2D-SA (1525µGy.m2 vs.1238 µGy.m2, p = 0.575) in this population. This difference was significantly higher in patients weighing less than 45Kg (n=9) (713µGy.m2 vs.81µGy.m2, P = 0.008), even when comparing one 3D-RA with three 2D-SA (242µGy.m2, respectively, p<0.008). 3D-RA was extremely useful for the assessment of conduits of univentricular hearts, tortuous branches of the pulmonary artery, and aorta relative to 2D-SA acquisitions. Conclusions: The radiation dose of 3D-RA used in our institution was higher than those previously reported in the literature and this difference was more evident in children. This type of assessment is of paramount importance when starting to perform 3D-RA. .


Fundamento: O uso da angiografia rotacional tridimensional (AR-3D) na avaliação de pacientes portadores de cardiopatia congênita parece ser promissor, apesar de haver pouca literatura disponível. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever nossa experiência inicial com AR-3D, comparando sua dose de radiação com a da angiografia padrão bidimensional (AP-2D). Métodos: Entre setembro de 2011 e abril de 2012, 18 pacientes foram submetidos simultaneamente a AR-3D e AP-2D durante cateterização cardíaca diagnóstica. A dose de radiação foi avaliada através do produto dose-área (DAP). Resultados: A mediana de idade e de peso dos pacientes foi de, respectivamente, 12,5 anos e 47,5 kg. O DAP mediano de cada aquisição em AR-3D foi de 1093µGy.m2, e de 190µGy.m2 para cada aquisição em AP-2D (p < 0,01). Nos pacientes que pesavam mais de 45 kg (n=7), essa diferença foi menor, mas ainda significativa (1525µGy.m2 versus 413 µGy.m2, p = 0,01). Não houve diferença entre uma AR-3D e três AP-2D (1525µGy.m2 versus1238µGy.m2, p = 0,575) nesta população. Essa diferença foi significativamente maior em pacientes que pesavam menos de 45 kg (n = 9) (713 µGy.m2 versus 81 µGy.m2, p = 0,008), mesmo quando se comparou uma AR-3D com três AP 2D (242µGy.m2, respectivamente, p < 0,008). A AR-3D mostrou-se extremamente útil na avaliação de condutos de corações univentriculares, ramos pulmonares tortuosos e aorta em relação às aquisições em AP-2D. Conclusões: A dose de radiação da AR-3D em nossa instituição foi maior que a anteriormente relatada na literatura, sendo essa diferença mais evidente em crianças. Esse tipo de avaliação é de fundamental importância ...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Young Adult , Coronary Angiography/methods , Heart Defects, Congenital , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Radiation Dosage , Coronary Angiography/adverse effects , Reference Values , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric
3.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 20(4): 408-412, out.-dez. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-666141

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento dos defeitos cardíacos congênitos têm reconhecido impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Nosso objetivo foi descrever a população de pacientes com cardiopatias congênitas submetidos a procedimentos diagnósticos ou terapêuticos percutâneos em um centro terciário. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de 1.002 pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco no período de 2003 a 2009 no Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Variáveis demográficas, clínicas e do procedimento foram obtidas a partir de um banco de dados institucional e dos prontuários dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: A mediana de idade dos pacientes foi de 33 (0-73) anos e a de peso, de 23 (9,6-52,6) kg. Houve predominância do sexo feminino (52%), de doença acianótica (63,2%) e de diagnóstico realizado no período pós-natal (94,8%). Estenose pulmonar (22,9%), comunicação interatrial (22,5%) e persistência do canal arterial (21,6%) foram os defeitos acianóticos mais comuns, e tetralogia de Fallot foi a doença cianótica mais frequente (15,2%). A maioria dos procedimentos (58,6%) foi terapêutica, incluindo valvuloplastias pulmonares (32,9%), fechamento de comunicações interatriais (20,9%) e fechamento de persistências do canal arterial (15%). Em 19,2% dos pacientes foram observadas complicações, sendo os hematomas inguinais (7,8%) ou a febre (7,6%) as mais frequentes. Ocorreram 3 óbitos (0,3%) relacionados aos procedimentos. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados deste estudo evidenciaram a predominância de procedimentos terapêuticos em pacientes com cardiopatias congênitas acianóticas, realizados com baixo índice de complicações, em centro terciário de referência.


BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects have a well-known impact on patient´s quality of life. This study aimed to describe the population of patients with congenital heart disease submitted to percutaneous diagnostic or therapeutic procedures at a tertiary referral center. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 1,002 patients submitted to cardiac catheterization between 2003 and 2009 at Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Clinical, demographic and procedure variables were obtained from an institutional database and patient charts. RESULTS: Median age was 33 (0-73) years and median weight was 23 (9.6-52.6) kg. Patients were predominantly females (52%), with acyanotic heart disease (63.2%) and postnatal diagnosis (94.8%). Pulmonary stenosis (22.9%), atrial septal defect (22.5%) and patent ductus ateriosus (21.6%) were the most common acyanotic heart defects, whereas tetralogy of Fallot was the most frequent cyanotic heart disease (15,2%). Most of the procedures (58,6%) were therapeutic, including pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (32.9%), atrial septal defect closure (20.9%) and ductus arteriosus closure (15%). Complications were observed in 19.2% of patients, and inguinal hematomas (7.8%) and fever (7.6%) were the most frequent findings. There were 3 procedure-related deaths (0.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The study results demonstrated the prevalence of therapeutic procedures in patients with acyanotic heart disease, performed with a low complication rate at a tertiary referral center.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Catheterization/methods , Catheterization , Health Profile
4.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 19(4): 423-429, dez. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618788

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A abordagem percutânea é opção de escolha em neonatos portadores de estenose pulmonar crítica (EP) e atresia pulmonar com septo interventricular íntegro (APSI). Neste trabalho são descritos casos tratados consecutivamente em centro de referência e seu seguimento a médio prazo. Métodos: A maioria dos pacientes recebeu infusão endovenosa de prostaglandina pré-procedimento, independentemente da necessidade hemodinâmica. Na abordagem da APSI, foi utilizada guia de ponta rígida e, mais recentemente, valvotomia com cateter de radiofrequência. Na maioria dos casos, foi realizada dilatação sequencial com balão até atingir 110 a 120 do diâmetro do anel valvar pulmonar. Resultados: Entre 1998 e 2011, 17 neonatos com APSI (idade mediana de 5 dias, peso de 3,1 ± 0,6 kg) e 30 neonatos com EP (idade mediana de 12 dias, peso médio de 3 ± 1,4 kg) foram tratados em um serviço terciário. Na APSI, 14 pacientes foram abordados com guia rígida, com sucesso de 71,4, e 3 com radiofrequência, com sucesso de 100. Na EP, o sucesso foi alcançado em todos os casos. O óbito hospitalar foi de 23,5 no grupo com APSI e de 3,3 no grupo com EP, nenhum relacionado ao procedimento percutâneo. Na evolução a médio prazo, a taxa de reintervenção por reestenose foi de 21,4 no grupo com APSI e de 10 no grupo com EP. Conclusões: A valvoplastia pulmonar na EP e na APSI apresenta resultados clínicos e hemodinâmicos aceitáveis, desde que se observem características anatômicas favoráveis e se mantenha a patência do fluxo pulmonar até o procedimento. A morbidade e a mortalidade dos portadores de EP crítica são mais baixas que as de portadores de APSI.


BACKGROUND: The percutaneous approach is the therapy of choice in neonates with critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) and pulmonary atresia with intact interventricular septum (PAIVS). Consecutive cases treated at a reference center and their midterm follow-up was reported in this study. METHODS: Most of the patients received an intravenous infusion of prostaglandin preoperatively, regardless of the need. For the PAIVS approach, a stiff-tip guidewire was used and more recently, radiofrequency valvotomy. In most cases, sequential balloon dilation was performed until 110% to 120% of the pulmonary valve ring diameter was reached. RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2011, 17 neonates with PAIVS (median age of 5 days, mean weight of 3.1 + 0.6 kg) and 30 neonates with PS (median age of 12 days, mean weight of 3 + 1.4 kg) were treated at a tertiary center. In PAIVS patients, a stiff-tip guidewire was used in 14 cases, with a success rate of 71.4%, and radiofrequency perforation in 3 cases, with a success rate of 100%. In PS patients, success was achieved in all of the cases. Hospital death was 23.5% for the PAIVS group and 3.3% for the PS group, none related to the percutaneous procedure. In the midterm follow-up, the reintervention rate due to restenosis was 21.4% in the PAIVS group and 10% in the PS group. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary valvuloplasty in PS or PAIVS has acceptable clinical and hemodynamic results, as long as favorable anatomic characteristics are observed and patent pulmonary flow is maintained until the procedure. Morbidity and mortality of patients with critical PS are lower than patients with PAIVS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pulmonary Atresia/complications , Catheterization/methods , Catheterization , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/surgery , Pulmonary Valve Stenosis/complications , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography , Infant, Newborn
5.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 18(4): 435-442, dez. 2010. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-582211

ABSTRACT

INTRODÇÃO: A introdução da cirurgia de anastomose cavopulmonar total (ACPT) ou cirurgia de Fontan modificou de forma significativa a história natural de pacientes com cardiopatias complexas não passíveis de reparo biventricular. Entretanto, é conhecido o desenvolvimento de estenoses silenciosas. Além disso, a utilização de condutos fenestrados é uma técnica comumente realizada, O presente estudo relata a experiência de um centro terciário no implante pecutâneo de dispositivos em condutos de pacientes com circulação do tipo univentricular. Método: Entre julho de 2000 e julho de 2010, 12 pacientes receberam dispositivos percutâneos em condutos após cirurgia de Fontan. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a indicação para o procedimento: 5 pacientes receberam implante de oclusores septais para fechamento de fenestração cirurgia (grupo 1), 6 pacientes receberam stents para alívio de obstrução de condutos (grupo 2), e 1 pacientes recebeu ambos os dispositivos simultaneamente. A média de idade dos pacientes do grupo 1 no momento do procedimento era de 174 +- 53,5 meses e o peso médio era de 30,7 +- 6,8 kg. A média de idade dos pacientes do grupo 2 no momento do procedimento era de...


BACKGROUND: The introduction of total cavopulmonary anastomosis (TCPA) or Fontan procedure significantly changed the natural history of patients with complex heart diseases inadequate for biventricular repair. However, the development of silent stenosis is well known. In addition, fenestrated conduits are frequently used. The present study reports the experience of a tertiary center with percutaneous devices implanted in the conduits of patients with univentricular circulation. METHOD: From July 2000 to July 2010, 12 patients received percutaneous devices in conduits after Fontan procedure. Patients were divided into two groups, according to the indication for the procedure: 5 patients received septal occluders to close surgical fenestrations (group 1), 6 patients received stents for the relief of conduit obstructions (group 2) and 1 patient received both devices simultaneously. Mean age of group 1 patients at the time of the procedure was 174 ± 53.5 months and mean weight was 30.7 ± 6.8 kg. Mean age of group 2 patients was 148.5 ± 84.6 months and mean weight was 28.9 ± 19.8 kg. RESULTS: In group 1, oxygen saturation rose from 82.6 ± 7.5% to 90.4 ± 7.5% immediately after the procedure (P = 0.001). In group 2, oxygen saturation rose from 81.8 ± 8.9% to 91.3 ± 8.7% (P = 0.01). The minimal conduit diameter changed from 6.9 + 4,8 mm to 16.6 ± 3.5 mm after the procedure (P = 0.02). The patient who was submitted to both procedures simultaneously had an increase of the minimal conduit diameter from 11.7 mm to 16 mm and an improvement in systemic saturation from 60% to 90%. CONCLUSION: Treatment of conduit obstructions with non-covered stents and the occlusion of surgical fenestrations with covered stents or AmplatzerTM devices are safe procedures, with high immediate success rates which are maintained in the mid-term follow-up.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Prostheses and Implants , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Stents , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography , Retrospective Studies
6.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 81(5): 483-493, nov. 2003. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-351132

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Noninvasive cardiac assessment of newborns and infants of women with systemic lupus erythematosus. The children had no congenital total atrioventricular block and were compared with the children of healthy women. METHODS: We prospectively assessed 13 newborns and infants aged 1 to 60 days, children of women with systemic lupus erythematosus and without congenital total atrioventricular block. These children were compared with 30 children of women who had no lupus or anti-Ro/SSA antibodies, and no risk factors for congenital heart disease either. Their age groups matched. The following examinations were performed: cardiological physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and signal-averaged electrocardiography. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in ventricular function or in the cardiac conduction system between the groups. CONCLUSION: In regard to the conduction system and ventricular function in the absence of total atrioventricular block, no statistically significant difference was observed between the children of women with systemic lupus erythematosus and children of healthy women


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Electrocardiography , Heart Block/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood , Echocardiography, Doppler, Color , Heart Rate , Heart Block/immunology , Heart Block , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 81(1): 85-92, July 2003. ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-341310

ABSTRACT

Marfan's syndrome is an inherited disorder of the connective tissue. Cardiologic manifestations, especially aortic dilation, are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the clinical course of the disease in adults and teenagers. In children, the presence of aortic aneurysm and its dissection or rupture is rare, occurring in patients with genetic mutation of the fibrillin gene but not in those who have the familial form of the disease. We describe here 2 patients, from the same family (siblings), diagnosed with gigantic aortic aneurysm early in infancy, one of them successfully undergoing surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Aortic Aneurysm , Marfan Syndrome/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm , Marfan Syndrome/physiopathology , Marfan Syndrome/surgery
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